DISEASES SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED ( ENGLISH )

HERPES

Herpes simplex virus (herpes Latin, Greek and ἕρπης, "creep") 1 is an inflammatory type viral infectious disease, which is characterized by skin lesions consist of small vesicles grouped in bunches and surrounded by a red ring. It is caused by the herpes simplex virus or herpes virus hominis, type I (HSV-1) affecting face, lips, mouth and upper body, and type II (HSV-2), which occurs most frequently in genital and lower body.2 currently there is no definitive cure for herpes.3 However there are several forms of treatment available to reduce symptoms and speed the healing process of injuries, after which the virus persists in latently body until the reappearance of the next episode activo.4 herpes simplex types must be distinguished from herpes zoster is an entirely different disease entity.

CHANCRE 

A chancre (Latin cancer, crab) is a painless primary lesion of syphilis, on the site of entry of the infection. It appears as a small papule or erosion, and becomes a rounded or oval, firm and slightly elevated lesion with an eroded surface that ejects a serous fluid and results in a painless and without fluctuation strong regional lymphadenopathy (bubo) curing without leaving traces. 

The term describes lymphadenopathy swelling of the lymph nodes - bean-shaped organs found in the underarm, groin, neck, chest and abdomen, that act as filters for the lymph fluid as it circulates through the body. Lymphadenopathy can occur in one region of the body such as the neck, or can be generalized, ie, the size of the lymph nodes in various regions increases. The cervical lymph nodes found in the neck are the most common site of lymphadenopathy.

GONORRHEA 

Gonorrhea, the γονόρροια Greek (gonorrhoeae: a discharge), also called gonorrhea, and gonorrhea blenorrea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae or gonococcus, the specific host is human. It primarily affects the mucous membranes of the genital and urinary tract, but can also affect the conjunctiva, pharynx and rectum. Their common features are the purulent discharge from the urethra in men and the consequence of female infertility.

SYPHILIS

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The primary route of transmission is through sexual contact; it may also be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy or at birth, resulting in congenital syphilis. Other human diseases caused by related Treponema pallidum include yaws (subspecies pertenue), pinta (subspecies carateum), and bejel (subspecies endemicum).

The signs and symptoms of syphilis vary depending in which of the four stages it presents (primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary). The primary stage classically presents with a single chancre (a firm, painless, non-itchy skin ulceration), secondary syphilis with a diffuse rash which frequently involves the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, latent syphilis with little to no symptoms, and tertiary syphilis with gummas, neurological, or cardiac symptoms. It has, however, been known as "the great imitator" due to its frequent atypical presentations. Diagnosis is usually made by using blood tests; however, the bacteria can also be detected using dark field microscopy. Syphilis can be effectively treated with antibiotics, specifically the preferred intramuscular penicillin G (given intravenously for neurosyphilis), or else ceftriaxone, and in those who have a severe penicillin allergy, oral doxycycline or azithromycin.

AIDS 

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS known by his acronym, 1 is the set of highly diverse diseases (usually infectious or tumoral processes) resulting from infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The combined use of drugs can control the virus replication and strengthen the immune system; the consequence is that the infection becomes chronic and does not lead to AIDS, which, in its natural evolution and in most patients, occur, on average, ten years of infection, with death occurring within a period of three to five years.2 

Clinically, AIDS is declared when an HIV-positive patient has a CD4 T cell count below 200 cells per cubic milliliter of blood. In this condition, the immune system is seriously deteriorated, so that the patient is exposed to a variety of disease caused by a series of opportunistic infections. When the conditions of medical services do not allow the testing laboratory states that a patient has developed AIDS when present diseases that are considered defining the syndrome.